°³¹æÇü Çõ½Å(Open Innovation)Àº ±â¼ú Çõ½Å(Technological Innovation) Áï ¿¬±¸°³¹ß(R&D, Research and Development) °æ¿µ À¯ÇüÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù.
2003³â ¿ÀÇ À̳뺣À̼Ç(Open Innovation)À̶ó´Â °³³äÀ» ¸¸µé°í °³¹æÇü Çõ½ÅÀ» ±â¾÷ Çõ½ÅÀÇ »õ·Î¿î Æз¯´ÙÀÓÀ¸·Î Á¦½ÃÇÑ Ç ü½ººê·ç(Henry Chesbrough) ¹Ì±¹ UC¹öŬ¸® ±³¼ö´Â "¿ÀÇ À̳뺣À̼ÇÀº ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ±â¼ú¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ºñÁî´Ï½º ¸ðµ¨À» º¯È½ÃÅ°´Â °Í"À̶ó°í Çß´Ù.
ÀÌ¾î ±×´Â °³¹æÇü Çõ½Å(Open Innovation)ÀÇ ¼º°øÀ» À§Çؼ´Â ¶Ù¾î³ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î°¡ ¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼ ³»ºÎ·Î, ³»ºÎ¿¡¼ ¿ÜºÎ·Î È帣°í ¶Ç À̸¦ ±¸Ã¼ÈÇÏ´Â Á¶Á÷ ¹®È°¡ ÀüÁ¦µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÔÀ» °Á¶Çß´Ù.
º»·¡ Çõ½Å(Innovation)À̶õ "»õ·Î¿î Á¦Ç°, ¼ºñ½º ¶Ç´Â ºñÁî´Ï½º ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î °³¹ßÇÏ°í »ó¾÷È ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤(Innovation is the Successful Development and Commercialization of New Product, Service, or Business Systems)" À» ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â ¿ë¾î´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ±â¼ú Çõ½Å »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó »ý»ê °øÁ¤ÀÇ Çõ½Å, »õ·Î¿î ½ÃÀåÀÇ Ã¢Á¶, Á¶Á÷Çõ½Å µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÇüŸ¦ ÃëÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
"The phrase research and development (also R and D or, more often, R&D), according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, refers to 'creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications.'" [OECD, OECD Factbook : Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics, 2008.]
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿ÀÇ À̳뺣À̼Ç(Open Innovation)ÀÇ R&D °æ¿µÃ¼Á¦¸¦ µµÀÔÇÑ ±â¾÷À¸·Î´Â ³ëÅ°¾Æ, ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ®, HP, IBM(International Business Machines)ÀÇ R&D±â¹Ý ½Å»ç¾÷ ¹ß±¼Àü·«, GEÀÇ `Imagination Breakthrough'(»ó»óµ¹ÆÄ) ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ® µîÀÌ ÀÌ¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÑ´Ù.
¿ÀÇ À̳뺣À̼Ç(Open Innovation)Àº ¿©·¯ Ãø¸é¿¡¼ ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿ì¼± ³»ºÎ ÀÎÀç¿¡°Ô µ¿±â¸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇØ ÀÎÀç À¯Áö¿¡µµ µµ¿òÀ» ÁØ´Ù. ¿¬±¸ °³¹ß Àηµ鿡°Ô ÀڽŵéÀÌ °³¹ßÇÑ ±â¼úÀÌ »çÀåµÇÁö ¾Ê°í ´Ù¸¥ ±â¾÷ ¶Ç´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¾÷Á¾¿¡¼ ¸ÅÃâÀ» âÃâÇÏ´Â µ¥ ±â¿©ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÀںνÉÀ» ÁÙ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
¶Ç ¿ÀÇ À̳뺣À̼Ç(Open Innovation)Àº ¶Ç ±â¾÷ÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÇÙ½É ¿ª·®ÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö ±ú´Ý°Ô ÇØÁÖ´Â Ãø¸éµµ ÀÖ´Ù. Ç×°ø±â Á¦Á¶¾÷üÀÎ º¸À×Àº ¿ÜºÎ¿ÍÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Çù·ÂÀ» ÅëÇØ ÀÚ»çÀÇ ÇÙ½É ¿ª·®ÀÌ »ý»êÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÅëÇÕ°ú µðÀÚÀÎÀ̶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ÆľÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¿ÀÇ À̳뺣À̼Ç(Open Innovation)À» ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î È°¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ÁöÄÑ¾ß ÇÒ ÁÖÀÇÁ¡µµ ÀÖ´Ù. Áï ºñÁî´Ï½ºÀÇ ÇÙ½É ¼º°ø ¿äÀαîÁö ¸ðµÎ °ø°³Çؼ´Â ¾È µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¶Ç Á¶Á÷ ±¸¼º¿øÀÌ Àοø °¨ÃàÀ» ¿ì·ÁÇØ µ¿¿äÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °Íµµ ½Å°æ½á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
¿ÀÇ À̳뺣À̼Ç(Open Innovation)ÀÌ ½Ç½ÃµÇ¸é ³»ºÎ ±â¼ú Àη¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÇÁ¸µµ°¡ °¨¼ÒÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Á÷¿øµéÀÌ ºÒ¾È°¨À» ´À³¢°í ȸ»çÀÇ ¹æħ¿¡ ÀúÇ×ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¿ÀÇ À̳뺣À̼Ç(Open Innovation)ÀÌ ²À °¨¿øÀ¸·Î ¿¬°áµÇ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â Á¡À» Á÷¿øµé¿¡°Ô Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Ë¸®°í, ³»ºÎ ±â¼úÀÇ ¶óÀ̼±½ÌÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¼º°ú¸¦ °ü·Ã »ç¾÷ ºÎ¼ÀÇ ¼º°ú¿¡ ¹Ý¿µÇÏ´Â µî Á¦µµÀû ÀåÄ¡¸¦ ¸¶·ÃÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¸¸¾à ±â¾÷µéÀÌ º¯È°¡ µÎ·Á¿ö ¿ÀÇ À̳뺣À̼Ç(Open Innovation)À» Á¦´ë·Î È°¿ëÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù¸é ±Þº¯ÇÏ´Â ±Û·Î¹ú °æ¿µÈ¯°æ¿¡¼ µÚóÁú ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù.
[Âü°í] Çù¾÷Àû Á¦Ç° »ó°Å·¡(CPC, Collaborative Product Commerce)´Â »õ·Î¿î ÀüÀÚ»ó°Å·¡ ±â¹ýÀ¸·Î ƯÈ÷ Á¦Á¶¾÷üµéÀÌ ±Þº¯ÇÏ´Â ½ÃÀå ȯ°æ°ú ½ÉȵǴ °æÀï¼Ó¿¡¼ ¼ºÀåÀ» Áö¼ÓÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØÁÖ´Â ¼Ö·ç¼ÇÀ¸·Î ºÎ»óÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
CPC´Â ±â¾÷³», ±â¾÷°£ ¹× ±â¾÷°ú °í°´°£¿¡ Á¦Ç°ÀÇ ÁöÀûÀÚ»êÀ» ÀçÁ¤¸³¡¤Æò°¡ÇØ °¡Ä¡¸¦ ³ô¿©ÁÖ´Â »õ·Î¿î ÀüÀÚ»ó°Å·¡ Çù¾÷¹æ½ÄÀÌ´Ù. À̸¦ ÅëÇØ Á¦Ç°ÀÇ ÁöÀûÀÚ»êÀ» °øÀ¯¡¤°ü¸®ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á »õ·Î °³¹ßµÈ Á¦Ç°ÀÇ ÁöÀûÀç»ê °¡Ä¡¸¦ ³ô¿©ÁÖ°í ÀüÀÚ»ó°Å·¡½ÃÀå¿¡¼ÀÇ ÀáÀçÀû »ç¾÷±âȸ¸¦ ³ÐÈú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¶§¹®¿¡ Ç×°ø¡¤ ÀÚµ¿Â÷¡¤ ±â°è·ù¡¤ ÀüÀÚ±â±â¡¤ °¡Àü¡¤ »ç¹«±â±â µîÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ °¢ ºÎ¹®ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä Á¦Á¶¾÷üµéÀº À¯¸Á Á¦Ç°ÀÇ °³³ä ¼³Á¤°ú °³¹ßÀü·«À» ¼¼¿ì±â À§ÇØ Çù¾÷Àû Á¦Ç° »ó°Å·¡Ã¼Á¦¸¦ µµÀÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
À̸¦ ÅëÇØ ±×µ¿¾È º°°³½Ã½ºÅÛÀ¸·Î ¿î¿ëµÇ´ø Á¦Ç° Á¤º¸°ü¸®(PDM, Product data management), Àü»çÀû ÀÚ¿ø°èȹ(ERP, Enterprise Resource Planning), °ø±Þ ¸Á °ü¸®(SCM, Supply Chain Management), CRM(Customer Relationship Management) µîÀÇ ÅëÇÕÀÌ °¡´ÉÇØÁ³´Ù.
¿©±â¼ CPCÆ÷ÅÐÀº »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¦Ç° »ó°Å·¡¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Á¤º¸, ÀÀ¿ë ÇÁ·Î±×·¥, ó¸® µîÀ» °¡´ÉÄÉÇÏ´Â Á¤º¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇϳªÀÇ Á¢¼ÓÁ¡À» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î CPC¸¦ ÃßÁøÇϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ºÎÇ°°ü·Ã µ¥ÀÌÅÍ Á¤º¸¸¦ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¸¦ ÅëÇØ È®º¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
»ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ CPC ±â¼ú°ú ±¸Á¶¸¦ Æò°¡ÇÒ ¶§ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ä¼Ò´Â CPC ÀÀ¿ëÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ±âº»Ã¼Á¦ ¾È¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â À¥±â¼úÀÇ Ãæ½Ç¼º°ú °¡¿ë¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ¼ø¼öÇÑ À¥±â¼ú¿¡ ¹ÙÅÁÀ» µÐ CPC ±¸Á¶°¡ »ó°Å·¡¸¦ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Áö¿øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
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